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Dual sanctioning of hate crimes and hate speech as part of extremism in the Slovak Republic: conceptual, legislative and practical issues
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$a 10.33327/AJEE-18-7.2-a000218 $2 DOI 035 $a biblio/1178072 $2 CREPC2 100 $a 20240617d2024 m y-slo-03 ----ba 101 0-
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$a Dual sanctioning of hate crimes and hate speech as part of extremism in the Slovak Republic: conceptual, legislative and practical issues $f Sergej Romža, Simona Ferenčíková, Libor Klimek 330 $a Extremism poses a cross-border social problem, lacking a universally accepted definition. In principle, so-called hate crimes are specific types of criminal offences that cut across all types of extremism. We can even talk about their conceptual overlap. A special category of hate crimes is represented by so-called verbal attacks, known as hate speech, which are considered an abuse of freedom of expression from an international perspective as well as in jurisprudence of the European Court on Human Rights. As a result of such a perception, their criminal sanction comes into consideration. In accordance with the principle of subsidiarity of criminal law repression, another method of sanctioning hate crimes and hate speech is also possible, namely by administrative law. The existence of “multiple legal regulations” on extremism as delict caused a dual sanctioning system of extremism. It leads to application problems in legal practice, for example, an unclear understanding of offences from criminal and administrative perspectives or even the weak possibility of investigating such acts by State power. The main objective of the contribution is to point out the dual legal regulation (criminal and administrative) of the sanctioning of extremism, in particular its special category – hate crimes and hate speech. 463 -1
$1 001 umb_un_cat*0329090 $1 011 $a 2663-0575 $1 011 $a 2663-0583 $1 200 1 $a Access to justice in Eastern Europe $e AJEE $e peer-reviewed journal $v Vol. 7, no. 2 (2024), pp. 93-111 $1 210 $a Kyjev $c Publishing House VD "Dakor" $d 2024 606 0-
$3 umb_un_auth*0111531 $a extrémizmus $X extremism 606 0-
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$3 umb_un_auth*0036119 $a Slovensko $X Slovakia $X Slovak Republic 608 $3 umb_un_auth*0273282 $a články $X journal articles 700 -0
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$3 umb_un_auth*0276128 $a Ferenčíková $b Simona $4 070 $9 33 701 -1
$3 umb_un_auth*0262845 $a Klimek $b Libor $p UMBPR12 $4 070 $9 33 $f 1985- $T Katedra trestného práva, kriminológie, kriminalistiky a forenzných disciplín 801 -0
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Number of the records: 1